A critical AI media literacy framework: understanding layered bias and empowerment in artificial intelligence

Author

Olivia G. Stewart & Devery J. Rodgers

Year

2025

Publisher

Taylor and Francis

DOI/Link

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17439884.2025.2527179

Abstract

Researchers have increasingly called for a framework that critically engages Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED). From the dual lenses of an education technology leadership and a critical media studies scholar, we analyze the challenges faced in education with the exponential uses of AI through a critical digital media literacy lens to create a Critical Media AI Framework. We provide an analysis of the current landscape of challenges in understanding layered bias in AI and strategic approaches to overcome these hurdles through a conceptual framework for AIED practices. Our framework provides conceptual understandings of AI and aligned critical questions. As our purpose is to offer a framework for scholars, instructors, and students to examine AI through a critical media studies lens, we bring together major concepts from seminal frameworks in our respective fields with novel guiding questions to reflect major overarching concepts that students must grasp about the non-neutrality of media as well as the layers of bias and elements of AI that make it unique from other types of media. Through critical questioning and understanding of these biases, we show that students can be empowered to be critical engagers and to reimagine the ways in which AI can be used.

Keywords

AI Literacy, Media and Empowerment

Media and Information Literacy Repository – South Asia

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